SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

7 domains mapped · Code: MZ

These are jurisdiction-specific research-progress records. They expose first moves, likely actors, and institutional infrastructure where mapped; they are not a claim that every country has a finished statutory memo for all 61 domains.

Canonical domain beta-W from Oil & Gas Extraction. Local route severity is a country-route triage value and is not used in the aggregate portfolio.

PRIMARY ROUTE:Mozambique's Rovuma Basin LNG projects (TotalEnergies, ExxonMobil, Eni) are among a large but face force majeure due to insurgency. When per-project environmental and social cost data is published, W becomes computable.

4 actor-lane actions mapped

Canonical domain beta-W from Coal Combustion. Local route severity is a country-route triage value and is not used in the aggregate portfolio.

PRIMARY ROUTE:The Moatize coal basin in Tete Province generated export revenue and royalties while resettling thousands of farming families onto poorer land at Cateme and Mualadzi, and the rail-and-port corridor to Beira locks in decades of carbon and dust exposure. Because the mines are operated by a small number of identifiable concession holders and depend on government rail and port access, the resettlement and pollution terms are renegotiable at license renewal.

4 actor-lane actions mapped

Canonical domain beta-W from Mining & Rare Earth Extraction. Local route severity is a country-route triage value and is not used in the aggregate portfolio.

PRIMARY ROUTE:The Montepuez ruby concession and the Balama graphite and Moma heavy-mineral-sands operations export high-value minerals while artisanal miners are excluded by force and much of the gemstone value leaves the country uncut and untaxed. Because these are formal concessions with named foreign operators, license terms, beneficiation requirements, and access rules can be rewritten by Maputo.

4 actor-lane actions mapped

Canonical domain beta-W from Deforestation & Industrial Logging. Local route severity is a country-route triage value and is not used in the aggregate portfolio.

PRIMARY ROUTE:Mozambique loses high-value hardwoods such as pau-ferro and umbila to illegal logging concentrated in Zambézia, Niassa, and Cabo Delgado, much of it shipped in unprocessed logs to China through under-declared exports, stripping future revenue and miombo woodland from rural communities. Because the trade depends on a small number of ports, licenses, and customs checkpoints, enforcement at those chokepoints can reduce the flow.

4 actor-lane actions mapped

Canonical domain beta-W from Fisheries. Local route severity is a country-route triage value and is not used in the aggregate portfolio.

PRIMARY ROUTE:Mozambique's 2,700 km coast supports artisanal fishers and a shallow-water shrimp fishery, but foreign industrial trawlers and illegal, unreported fishing deplete stocks that feed coastal communities, and the same fisheries sector was used as cover for the 2013 tuna-bond debt scandal. Because access depends on licenses and port entry, transparent licensing and port-state controls can curb the overharvest.

4 actor-lane actions mapped

Canonical domain beta-W from Sovereign Debt & Intergenerational Extraction. Local route severity is a country-route triage value and is not used in the aggregate portfolio.

PRIMARY ROUTE:Mozambique's secret 2013-14 loans of around $2 billion to Ematum, Proindicus, and MAM, guaranteed off-budget and arranged through Credit Suisse and VTB, triggered a default, suspended IMF support, and forced austerity onto a population that never saw the money. Because the harm flows from concealed guarantees and bank kickbacks rather than physical scarcity, debt transparency rules and lender accountability can prevent a repeat.

4 actor-lane actions mapped

Canonical domain beta-W from Insurance & Climate Risk Mispricing. Local route severity is a country-route triage value and is not used in the aggregate portfolio.

PRIMARY ROUTE:Cyclones Idai and Kenneth in 2019 devastated Beira and the central provinces, and recurring floods leave most households and infrastructure uninsured, so losses fall on the state and the poorest while reconstruction debt accumulates. Because the protection gap is a coverage and finance problem, parametric and pooled insurance can transfer risk before disasters strike.

4 actor-lane actions mapped

© 2026 Erik Postnieks · Independent Researcher · Salt Lake City